The Rock Cycle — Earth Science 练习题
Rocks are classified into three main types based on how they form. Igneous rocks form from cooled magma or lava. Sedimentary rocks form from compressed and cemented sediments. Metamorphic rocks form when existing rocks are changed by heat and pressure.
The rock cycle shows how rocks transform over geologic time. Magma cools into igneous rock, which weathers into sediment, which lithifies into sedimentary rock, which can be buried and metamorphosed, which can melt back to magma.
No step in the cycle is required — any rock type can transform into any other given the right conditions. The cycle has no beginning or end.
练习的技能
- Classifying rock types by formation process
- Tracing pathways through the rock cycle
- Identifying examples of each rock type
- Explaining weathering and erosion roles
练习题：The Rock Cycle
说明： 仔细解答每一道题。清晰地展示所有解题过程。在指定位置或按指示在另一张纸上写出最终答案。
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1.Which of the following is NOT one of the three main types of rocks?
- A. Igneous
- B. Sedimentary
- C. Metamorphic
- D. Volcanic
The Rock Cycle — 练习题（续）
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2.What type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?
- A. Sedimentary
- B. Igneous
- C. Metamorphic
- D. Fossilized
The Rock Cycle — 练习题（续）
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3.Describe how sedimentary rocks are formed. Include the role of weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation in your answer.
The Rock Cycle — 练习题（续）
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4.Which process changes sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock?
- A. Melting and cooling
- B. Weathering and erosion
- C. Heat and pressure
- D. Compaction and cementation
The Rock Cycle — 练习题（续）
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5.Label the rock cycle diagram below with the following terms: Igneous Rock, Sedimentary Rock, Metamorphic Rock, Magma, Weathering & Erosion, Heat & Pressure, Melting, Cooling, Compaction & Cementation.; ; [Diagram Placeholder: Draw a circular diagram with arrows] ; ; Write your labels here (list the term next to the correct arrow or box number):; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
The Rock Cycle — 练习题（续）
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6.What is the process called when rocks are broken down into smaller pieces by wind, water, or ice?
- A. Deposition
- B. Erosion
- C. Weathering
- D. Melting
The Rock Cycle — 练习题（续）
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7.True or False: Metamorphic rocks can only form from sedimentary rocks.
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8.Explain what happens to a rock during the process of melting in the rock cycle. Where does this typically occur?
The Rock Cycle — 练习题（续）
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9.Which of the following is an example of an igneous rock?
- A. Limestone
- B. Granite
- C. Marble
- D. Shale
The Rock Cycle — 练习题（续）
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10.List the three main types of rocks and give one example of each.
参考答案
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1.
最终答案： D. Volcanic
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2.
最终答案： B. Igneous
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3.
最终答案： Sedimentary rocks form through weathering (breaking down rocks), erosion (transporting particles), deposition (settling), compaction (layers pressed together), and cementation (minerals bind particles).
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4.
最终答案： C. Heat and pressure
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5.
最终答案： Labels (clockwise from top): Magma → Cooling → Igneous Rock → Weathering — Erosion → Sediment → Compaction — Cementation → Sedimentary Rock → Heat — Pressure → Metamorphic Rock → Melting → back to Magma.
参考答案（续）
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6.
最终答案： C. Weathering
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7.
最终答案： False
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8.
最终答案： Melting occurs when a rock is heated to a high enough temperature to turn into liquid magma. This typically happens deep within the Earth's crust or mantle, often near tectonic plate boundaries or hotspots.
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9.
最终答案： B. Granite
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10.
最终答案： Igneous (e.g., granite), Sedimentary (e.g., limestone), Metamorphic (e.g., marble).
需要避免的常见错误
- Thinking all rocks must follow the same cycle path
- Confusing sediment with sedimentary rock
- Believing metamorphic rocks must melt to change
- Mixing up intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks
生成您自己的练习表
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最后更新：2026